Choose a country, which underwent a recession, and where fiscal and Essay

Choose a country, which underwent a recession, and where fiscal and monetary policies were used to overcome the recession - Essay Example It is said to be integral in a free trade economy. The United Kingdom recession of 1981 was a result of the monetary strength which in turn affected manufacturing and by the government’s policy to reduce its past inflation of 27%; they enforced a stringent monetary policy by impeding their borrowing. Taxes were increased and the consumer’s purchasing power was diminished resulting to a downfall in spending. After a decade, in 1991 a ‘boom and bust’ of the UK economy ensued. Growth was seen at rapid growth that became unsustainable that inflation rose to 10%. Again, government set in and imposed interest rates to halt the people’s spending. These interests had a domino effect as it affected mortgage consequential to foreclosure of housing loans or sell thereof (EconomicsHelp, n.p.). Recession is a phase of the business cycle usually following a peak. It is a period characterized by a decline in the total output, income, employment and trade. This econ omic downturn is also marked by the widespread contraction of business activity in many sectors of the economy. But because many prices are downwardly inflexible, the general price level is more likely to fall only if the recession is severe and prolonged. If an economy fails to recover from a recession, then a depression occurs (McConnell and Brue, 134). The economy of the United Kingdom is no exception for these economic recessions as they already experienced and recovered from recessions several times. What is apparent in today’s economy is that it has a global characteristic which has a worldwide effect among interdependent countries. Many believe that a plummet in Real GDP will ultimately affect employment. In the Great Depression of the 1930s which included the UK, the famous economist Keynes debunked this concept and contended that negative output over a period will not necessarily clear out on its own as was regarded by the notion of the self-correcting aspect of a fr ee economy. He cited that there are four reasons for this; first, â€Å"Firms should cut wages to reflect lower prices but in reality workers are very resistant to cuts in nominal wages,† second, â€Å"2. If wages were cut in response to unemployment workers would have less spending power therefore AD would continue to fall,† and third, â€Å"In a recession people have low confidence and therefore spend less. Keynes said this was the â€Å"Paradox of Thrift† (EconomicsHelp, n.p.). In typical years, gross investment or all the country’s investment goods - both that replace machinery, equipment, and buildings that were used up or worn out or just made obsolete in producing the current year’s output and any net additions to the economy’s stock of capital exceeds depreciation or the amount used up over the course of a year (McConnell and Brue, 116). During these years, the net investment is positive and there will a recorded rise in nation†™s stock of capital. However, if gross investment is less than depreciation, net investment will be negative. This means that the economy is disinvesting because it is using up more capital than it is producing. When this happens, the nation’s stock of capital will shrink. When capital shrinks, the economic activities will also decline or slow down. This is what happened in the Great Depression of 1930s and its effects were felt by all countries across the world. Banks play important role in an economy. They act as intermediary between the producing and the consuming units. Banks take in leakages in

MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS (Paragon Software Ltd) Assignment

MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS (Paragon Software Ltd) - Assignment Example The report will also explore the other marketing communication tools that can be used together with exhibition to promote the sales. Marketing communication can be described as the process which attempts to advance the interests of the company, product range or the brand. It comprises of the following elements; personal selling, sales promotion, advertising, public relations, and direct marketing. The main purpose of marketing communication is to persuade the customer (Kimmel 2005, p1). Exhibitions are very vital elements in the marketing communication strategies. These exhibitions have advantages and disadvantages. Exhibitions assist the organization to create relationships with the stakeholders on the basis of meeting face to face. There are varied reasons as to the use of exhibitions in an organization. Exhibitions come in three forms and each form aims at a certain group within the market; the consumer, the trade and both the trade and the consumer. The last category (exhibitions aimed at both the consumer and the trade) is the most common form of exhibition. Majority of the exhibitions begin as a trade exhibition and after a week or so, they become open to the public. A fee is paid by the public for entry into the exhibition. The fee is a source of revenue for the company. Most of the times, the products in the exhibition are of little or no interest to the public, thus, they may not purchase the products (Lancaster n.d., p1). Exhibitions can produce sales lead for the company. Immediate sales are achievable because the buyer comes to the trade fairs. New contacts of a business nature are made with the customers and even with the competitors. Positive media coverage is enjoyed by the organization through exhibition (Donaldson and Smit 2007, p86). Exhibitions at times are considered as a promotional activity. Exhibitions are encompassed within the trade shows and trade fairs. These trade shows perform two functions; non-selling and selling